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Assessment, Vol. 15, No. 2, 153-164 (2008)
DOI: 10.1177/1073191107310310

Testing the Hierarchical Structure of the Children's Depression Inventory

A Multigroup Analysis

Luis F. García

Autonomous University of Madrid, luis.garcia{at}uam.es

Anton Aluja

University of Lleida

Victoria del Barrio

National University of Education at Distance, Madrid

Using exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, the aims were (a) to obtain, describe, and compare different solutions of three, five, and six first-order factors raised in the previous literature about the Children's Depression Inventory (CDI); (b) analyze the number and nature of the second-order factors; (c) test which model best reproduces the CDI structure; and (d) test possible developmental differences between child and adolescent samples. The CDI was applied to 4,707 Spanish children and adolescents with an age range between 7 and 16 years. Results show that best models considered five or six factors, including Social Problems (Anhedonia), Negative Affect, Externalizing, School Problems, and Negative Self-Esteem (Self-Deprecation). Also, a factor of Biological Dysregulation obtained some support. Higher-order factors do not reproduce the classical distinction between internalizing and externalizing symptoms. Finally, no large developmental differences in the CDI structure were found between children and adolescents samples.

Key Words: Children's Depression Inventory • adolescents • developmental differences • internalizing • externalizing • exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses


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